bioelectrical impedance pros and cons

The above values make it possible to determine the persons body composition, including their BFP, based on the principle that fat is less dense than muscle. Hogenbirk RNM, Viddeleer AR, Hentzen JEKR, van der Plas WY, van der Schans CP, de Bock GH, Kruijff S, Klaase JM. The primary issues with BIA are: Sensor Placement 81, pp. TicWatch Pro 3 comes in at $300 but is often on sale. I like looking in the mirror and seeing how . Such scales work with the help of sensors underneath your feet that use bioelectrical impedance. Fat is more resistant than muscle or water, so the higher the resistance, the higher the body fat percentage calculation is likely to be. The scales are easy and safe to use. Clin Nutr. Similar to hand-held methods, leg-to-leg BIA involves an individual standing on scales with four electrodes situated at each footplate, with a low-level current passed through the lower-body. BIA has been compared to the four-compartment model in several studies using various populations. 4, pp. 2015;55(1-2):68-75. Anisha Shah, MD, is a board-certified internist, interventional cardiologist, and fellow of the American College of Cardiology. Disclaimer. F. Kushner and D. A. Schoeller, Estimation of total body water in bioelectrical impedance analysis, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. To revisit the study by Ritz et al., [9], BIA was unable to accurately assess changes in body composition when compared to the four-compartment model. This is possible simply because different bodily tissues (e.g. Percentage of body fat is strongly associated with the risk of several chronic diseases but its accurate measurement is difficult. M. E. Franssen, E. P. A. Rutten, M. T. J. Groenen, L. E. Vanfleteren, E. F. M. Wouters and M. A. Spruit, New reference values for body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis in the general population: Results from the UK Biobank, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol. Accuracy is one of its greatest strong point considering the delicateness of structures in human fields like engineering. Keep in mind that they are not likely to be very accurate but you can use them to track changes over time. The a Careers. One study looked at the accuracy of weight and height estimation by ICU nurses and physicians. Verywell Fit content is rigorously reviewed by a team of qualified and experienced fact checkers. Total body water (TBW) is estimated, and this estimation is used to calculate fat-free mass. S. Sun, C. W. Chumlea, S. B. Heymsfield , H. C. Lukaski, D. Schoeller, K. Friedl, R. J. Kuczmarski, K. M. Flegal, C. L. Johnson and V. S. Hubbard, Development of bioelectrical impedance analysis prediction equations for body composition with the use of a multicomponent model for use in epidemiologic surveys, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. Bioelectrical impedance methods are often classified by the number of frequencies used for analysis, with BIA often referring to single-frequency devices, whereas multiple-frequency devices are referred to as Bioelectrical Spectroscopy (BIS) as it uses a spectra of frequencies [5]. Typically, the most expensive options provide the most accurate estimates. BIA scales estimate body fat percentage using bioelectrical impedance analysis. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Personal Monitoring / Wearable Technology, https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html, https://www.consumerreports.org/body-fat-scales/body-fat-scale-review/, https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/body-fat-scales.html, https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/1/e008922, https://dapa-toolkit.mrc.ac.uk/anthropometry/objective-methods/hydrostatic-underwater-weighing, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5599249/, One-hour endoscopic procedure could eliminate the need for insulin for type 2 diabetes, New clues to slow aging? J Sports Med Phys Fitness. P. Deurenberg, M. Deurenberg-Yap, in Food for the Ageing Population, 2009 9.4.2 Bioelectrical impedance. A calorie is a measurement of energy, and to lose weight, a person must consume fewer than, What is a persons ideal weight, and how do height, age, and other factors affect it? The BIA prediction models differ according to the characteristics of the sample in which they have been derived and validated in addition to the parameters included in the multiple regression analysis. Once again, there have to be variables, and there have to be constants. Verywell Fit uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Pros of Bioelectrical Impedance Non-invasive: BI does not require the use of needles, X-rays, or other invasive procedures, making it a relatively safe and painless option. Portable and easy to use: Many BI devices are portable and easy to use, making it possible to perform measurements in a variety of settings, including hospitals, fitness centers, and research studies. What Is Body Mass Index (BMI) and What Does It Measure? Hand-to-Foot BIA Body fat scales are devices that a person can use to measure their weight and body composition at home. For female athletes, difference in hydration status during menses may significantly alter impedance [17], and should be a consideration when assessing female athletes with BIA. This means that when you use the device, you place each foot on a pad, and the current travels through your body between your feet. Effect of incorrect measures in the applied setting It measures body fat in relation to lean body mass and is said to be more accurate than BMI testing. Some are suitable for use at home or in a doctors office, but others must take place under tightly controlled laboratory conditions. Programs and Treatments. Hydrostatic underwater weighing (HUW) calculates a persons body density and body volume to estimate their body composition. Understanding how much fat and muscle make up the body can be an important tool for people looking to track their overall health. 266-271, 1990. Bielectrical Impedence Analysis (BIA) BIA is based on the concept that electric current flows through the body at different rates depending on its composition [15]. Because the scales can be expensive, you have probably wondered what bioelectrical impedance analysis is and if it is worth paying for. This finding is supported in other research on bodybuilders, showing that BIA underestimated fat mass, and overestimated fat-free mass when compared to the four-compartment model [10]. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a valid method for the assessment of body composition. Armed with that information, the machine is able to calculate the impedance (i.e. FOIA Little training required for operation. The two contact points on a typical BIA scale are your two feet (called foot-footbioelectrical impedance analysis). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. From the results of this assessment method, the manufacturer constructs an equation using the individual variables mentioned previously to determine what the body fat would be. Even though many factors can affect your reading accuracy, a regular BIA scale can show youchanges in your body fat over time. How much should I weigh for my height and age. And some offer segmental fat analysis, meaning you can get body fat measurements for each leg, arm, and belly. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is an afford-able, noninvasive, easy-to-operate, portable, and fast (assess-ments can be made within 5-10 min) alternative for assessingsegmental or whole body SM (15, 19, 31, 38, 40) and so maybe a practical method for assessing SM in the elderly, althoughthe technique has not been fully validated in this It involves running a light electrical current through the body and determining body composition through the resistance of the tissues to the electrical current. BodPod, skinfold, BIA and hydrostatic weighing) 2022 Dec 24;22(1):997. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03704-1. This article also covers how to calculate the ideal body fat, There are various ways to measure the percentage of body fat, and some are more high tech than others. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032229. 502-511, 2001. As reported earlier, error rates can range from 4-8% for individuals, and, therefore, an athlete could have decreased body fat percentage by 4%, whereas there BIA would report that they had gained 4% body fat. "A scan removes the margin of error that bio-electric impedance tests [which measure body fat in relation to lean body mass] have, and that has significant reliability. Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) is commonly used in research to assess body composition. View this set. 3, pp. The pros and cons of these methods are summarized in Table 1. Bioelectrical impedance analysis to estimate body composition in surgical and oncological patients: a systematic review. A Bioelectric Impedance Analyzer is a sophisticated scientific instrument, used in research and analysis. This can have wide-ranging implications, from assessing the efficacy of previous dietary and training interventions to making decisions on the correct interventions moving forward. A Bod Pod requires specially trained operators, who tend only to use it in research laboratories. 885-892, 1998. Some methods that people can use to estimate their body fat at home include: Calipers are tools that measure the distance between two sides of an object. In contrast, bone and adipose tissue are dielectric substances and are poor conductors [4]. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a valid method for the assessment of body composition. Exercise can help a person lose fat and gain muscle. Demura S, Sato S. Comparisons of accuracy of estimating percent body fat by four bioelectrical impedance devices with different frequency and induction system of electrical current. Regardless, all devices are still subject to the same limitations that other BIA devices are. However, they are not very accurate. However, the body fat scale that the researchers tested did not use accurate formulas to estimate BFP. Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. Before What is BIA? Higher values could indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In large epidemiologic . Pros. There are factors that BMI does not reflect, such as muscle mass. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is an easy-to-use and low-cost method for the estimation of fat-free mass (FFM) in physiological and pathological conditions. Epub 2014 Oct 1. 5-12, 1999. due to their variation in water content, the small electrical current passes through the tissues at different speeds. Patients aren't the only ones who inaccurately estimate height and weight. Bioelectric Impedance Analysis BIA involves running a light electrical current through the body. However, studies that validate the accuracy of BIA exclusively in post-menopausal women are lacking. Hand-to-foot BIA devices, however, may allow for greater accuracy, as the current is sent from the upper-body to the lower-body, and is less likely to be influenced by the distribution of body fat. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. 70, pp. N. Gleichauf and D. A. Roe, The menstrual cycles effect on the reliability of bioimpedance measurements for assessing body composition., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. Height was measured with a calibrated, wall-mounted stadiometer, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was conducted using InBody 720 (Biospace Co., Seoul . Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a safe and cost-efficient method that avoids exposure to radiation and is used to measure body composition [49]. Download PDF. Without considered interpretation of this result, coaches may question an athletes commitment and professionalism if they believe that their body fat has increased drastically over time. There is disagreement amongst the limited research available, with only one study suggesting that BIA is suitable for assessing body composition in athletes [15], whereas other research suggests that body fat estimates are much higher in athletes when using the BIA method [16]. As mentioned previously, there are several issues with BIA measurement that may limit its use in an applied setting. and transmitted securely. A. Bergsma-Kadijk, B. Baumeister and P. Deurenberg, Measurement of body fat in young and elderly women: comparison between a four-compartment model and widely used reference methods., British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 417-424, 1986. analysis (BIA) as a reference in the measurement of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 2.78, 5.31, and 2.25, respectively; predicted data from the radar highly agreed with those from the BIA. A 2016 study found that the BIA method of measuring body composition is accurate when using standard, published mathematical formulas. 2-compartment: (e.g. Deurenberg P. Limitation of the bioelectrical impedance . Each subject was tested four times by two testers on two different . 2. The body mass index is supposed to help you determine whether you are falling in the "average" range for body fat, if you are extremely low in body fat or if you are obese or in danger of being obese. Learn how we can help 1040-1045, 2011. Even if you get an accurate reading on a bioimpedance scale, the number represents an estimate of your total body fat percentage. BIA is able to make an estimation of body composition (e.g. . Precautions for the BIA bioelectrical impedance analysis method: 1. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis is likely the measuring method you are most familiar with. 2004 Oct;23(5):1226-43. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.06.004. The path of the electrical current may differ between this method and the hand-held method, and could potentially influence body composition results; though this issue is discussed later in the article. Below is more to help you decide. Table 1. The primary area for future research in this area is clearly the need for validated BIA equations for athletes in a range of sports and with varying body composition. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! We begin with a definition of BMI. When it is assumed that the hydration factor of the fat-free mass is constant and is not different in the obese state, then fat-free mass and thus body fat can be assessed with bioelectrical impedance. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Hand-held BIA machines assess the conductance of a small alternating current through the upper-body and use built-in software to calculate body composition after it has been calibrated with the following variables: weight, height, age, and gender [6]. The reliability of BIA (the reproducibility of the observed value when the measurement is repeated) is also important to determine single-measurement precision, as well as the ability to track changes over time. 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